A. <=
/i>Read the story.
“Working Out=
221;
Ingrid Perdue i=
s a
cosmetologist from Indianapolis, Indiana.=
She runs several miles a week.&nbs=
p;
She lifts weights and cycles.
Her workouts keep her healthy.&nbs=
p;
She has not been ill all winter. Exercise is very good for her. Jogging, fast walking, and =
swimming
are very helpful. Thirty min=
utes of
exercise, three to four times a week, has the most positive effects. On the other hand, too much exerc=
ise can
be bad for our health. For e=
xample,
jogging 10 miles a week is healthy, but jogging 20 miles a week can make
David C. Nieman=
is the
Director of the Human Performance Laboratory at Appalachian State Universi=
ty in
Boone, North Carolina. He sa=
ys that
moderate exercise cleans the body.
Nieman has advice for exercisers.&=
nbsp;
When a person has a runny nose or cold, it is ok to work out. However, a person must not exerci=
se when
she has a fever, body aches or chills.
New
Vocabulary?
~Grammar
Point~
Our class talks about the rules for writing Eng=
lish
sentences.
RULE ONE - X-w=
ords
begin ‘Yes/No Questions’ in English.
Is today Monday?
Can you drive a car?
Did you drink coffee this mornin= g?
RULE TWO - X-words make negative
sentences with ‘not’.
Today is = not Tuesday.
He can not drive a car.
She did not drink coffee this mornin= g.
=
; &=
nbsp;
do/does =
; &=
nbsp;
did
=
; &=
nbsp;
can =
; &=
nbsp; &nb=
sp;
could
=
; &=
nbsp;
will =
; &=
nbsp; &nb=
sp;
would
=
; &=
nbsp;
may =
; &=
nbsp;
might
=
; &=
nbsp;
should, must=
, shall
Find the x-words in e=
ach
sentence below.
Change those sentence=
s to
‘yes/no questions’ and to negative sentences. Follow the example.
1.&=
nbsp;
Ingrid Perdue is a cosmetologist from Indianapolis.
Is Ingrid Perdue a
cosmetologist from Indianapolis?<=
/b>
Ingrid Perdue is
not a cosmetologist from Indianapolis.
2.&=
nbsp;
She runs several miles a week.
3.&=
nbsp;
She lifts weights and cycles.&nbs=
p;
4.&=
nbsp;
Her workouts keep her healthy.&nb=
sp;
5.&=
nbsp;
Exercise has been positive for her.
6.&=
nbsp;
Thirty minutes of exercise has the most positive effects.
7.
Too much exercise can make us sick.
8. We should exercise during the win=
ter.
Return to Exerci=
se
One. Add one of the h=
idden
x-words (do/does/did) to the remaining sentences to change them to
‘yes/no questions’ and negative sentences.
GRAMMAR POINT -
The subject of a=
sentence
is all the words between the two X-word places.
=
; &=
nbsp; &nb=
sp;
You are<=
/span> in school today.
=
=
; &=
nbsp; Are you in school today?
Exercise Three –
Return to Exerci=
se One
and draw a box around the subject of each sentence.
“Yes/No Questions” begin with X-words. Information questions begin in wi=
th When, Who, Whose, Where, What, Why, and How.
The X-word moves in front of the sub=
ject in
Information Questions.
Where did you=
go
yesterday?
When do you=
eat=
lunch?
What will you buy tomorrow?
When you ask about the subject, the X-word does=
not
move and sometimes we do not see the X-word.
Who can
drive a truck?
What broke the window?
Who likes chocolate ice-cream?
Ask information questions about the following sentences. The answers are underlined. Follow the examp= le.
1. She runs several m=
iles a
week. Who runs several miles=
a
week?
2. She runs several miles
each week. How far does she =
run
each week?
3. Ingrid Perdue is a
cosmetlogist.
4. She lifts weights and cy=
cles.
5. She has been healthy all
winter.
6. Jogging will boost the body's defenses.
7. Appalachia State University=
is in
Boone, North Carolina.
8. Moderate exercise cleans=
the
body.
9. People should exercise 30 minu=
tes every
day.
We will be together eight hours each week for t=
he next
16 weeks. We should get to k=
now
each other better.
I would like to
introduce myself. My name is
Richard Abend. You can call =
me
Richard. I am from Chicago.<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> I came to California in August 19=
79. I speak only English. I am married. I live with my wife. I work full time at MPC. I like to work in the garden on
weekends. I also love to rea=
d and
watch movies.
What else do you want=
to
know about me?
What do you want to k=
now
about the other people in our class?
Let's make list of questions.
Introduce yourself to
another person in the class. After
you talk, write a short story about your neighbor and yourself. We will post these stories in our
classroom.
Lesson Two –
Exercise One – <=
/b>What=
are the
20 x-words?
Exercise Two R=
11;
1. Which sentences below have an X-word? Circle the number.
2. Change
those sentences to “Yes/No Questions” and to Negative
Sentences. Follow the exampl=
e.
=
; &=
nbsp; &nb=
sp; =
;
=
;
1. Too
much exercise can be bad for the health.
Can too much exercise=
be bad
for the health?
=
;
Too much exercise can not be bad for the health.
2. One study showed =
that
jogging 10 miles a week was beneficial.
3. Jogging 20 miles caused a greater=
risk
of infection.
4. David C. Nieman i=
s the
Director of the Human Performance Laboratory.
5. His research prov=
es many
interesting things.
6. Exercise has good
results.
7. A person's body i=
s much cleaner
and healthier at the end of several months.
8. David Nieman has =
advice
for exercisers.
9. It is ok to work =
out when
you have a runny nose.
10. A person must not
exercise when she has a fever, body aches or chills.
Exercise Three - F=
ive of
the sentences above do not have X-words.&=
nbsp;
Add one of the hidden X-words (do/does/did) to those sentences to change them to “Yes/No
Questions” and negative sentences.
Exercise Four =
211; Draw
a box around the subjects in sentences 1-10 above.
Exercise Five – =
Ask
information questions about the following sentences. The answers are underlined. Follow the example.
=
; &=
nbsp; &nb=
sp; =
; &=
nbsp;
1. Too much exercise can be b=
ad for
the health.
What can be bad for t=
he
health?
2. Jogging is great exercise.=
3. Jogging 20 miles =
caused a
greater risk of infection.
=
4. David C. Nieman i=
s the
Director of the Human Performance Laboratory at Appalachian State
University in Boone, North Carolina.
5. Moderate exercise=
increases
the recirculation of important immune cells.
6. A person's body is much cleaner a=
nd
healthier at the end of several months.
7. Nieman has advice=
for exercisers.
8. The symptoms are =
above
the neck.
9. A person must be careful. =
10. A person must not exercise=
every
day.
Exercise Six – <=
/b>On a=
separate
sheet of paper, finish the story by adding x-words and verbs.
Yesterday _______our =
first
class, and I _______ a wonderful person.&=
nbsp;
Her name _______ Sonia, and she __________from a small country in
Central America. I ____ not
remember the name of it. I _=
____
ask her the name again today.
She ___________ at the Target store in Sand City. She
_____ not work yesterday because she ______________ to
school.
Her family _______ four people.&nb=
sp;
Her husband ____ not taking classes now, but he _______ taking clas=
ses
last semester. He _________ =
a new
job last month and ____ not go to school during the day. Sonia’s two children ______=
___
still quite young. Her daugh=
ter
_____ 4 years old, and her son _____________ 3 years old next week.
I _=
___ not
see her here today. Probably=
she
____ not come today because she ______ to work.
GRAMMAR POINT
Maria lives near MPC. Maria
works at Del Monte Shopping Center.
Maria eats lunch at 1
o’clock every day. Maria likes her job very much.
Do not repeat the same words.
Use pronouns.
Maria l=
ives
near MPC. She works at Del Monte Shopping Center.
=
;
She eats lunch at 1
o’clock every day. She likes her job very much.
The subject pronouns ar=
e:
I, you, she, he, it, we, you, =
they
Maria=
loves her husband very much. =
She helps her husband all the time.
She
People do not repeat the same words.
They use pronouns.
Maria=
loves her husband very much. =
She helps him all the time.
She
The object pronouns are=
:
me, you, her, him, it, us, you=
, them
Exercise Seven – Do not repeat the same nouns. Cha=
nge
to pronouns.
1.&=
nbsp;
2.&=
nbsp;
Michael and Maria
3.&=
nbsp;
Maria called _____ yesterday, but =
I
was not home. _______ was with my wife.&nbs=
p;
My wife and I went to a movie.
4.&=
nbsp;
Michael and Maria <=
span
style=3D'font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%'>are a very nice couple. Many
people like to spend time with Michael and Maria.
Exercise Eight –
Practice =
the
conversation with your neighbor.
A: Were you at home last night?
B: No, I visited my friend last nigh=
t in
Marina. She wanted to talk a=
bout
something with me.
A: When did you go to her house?
B: I went over after dinner. It was about 7:30. When I got there, she made some c=
offee
and we ate chocolate cake. We
talked. I stayed for a few h=
ours.
A: Do you often go out in the evenin=
g?
B: Not really. Most evenings I work until 10 pm =
and
then I am tired and go home. My
family waits for me, so we can have something to eat together.
A: I like to go out at night. Someti=
mes I
work, but usually I go out with my friends. We go shopping or out to eat. Last night we went to Del Monte S=
hopping
Center and saw a movie.
Talk to your neighbor. What did you do last night? When =
you
finish your conversation, write a story about your evening and/or your
neighbor’s evening.
Exercise Ten –
Discuss the following questions with your
neighbor. Then write a short
paragraph about you and your neighbor.
Do like sports?
What sports did you play when you were younger?=
What sports do you play now?
Did you exercise when you were younger?
Do you exercise now?
Are you an active person?
What do you do to keep healthy?
1.
Two robbers stole about $10,000 from a restaurant in
6.
According to customers, two young men walked into the restaurant at 1:30
pm. 7. They were wearing ski
masks. 8. They ordered an em=
ployee
to give them money. 9. One of the men had a large handgun. 10. The other was holding a rifle=
.
11.
When the robbers left, someone pushed a silent alarm to call the police.
21.
The police asked questions of the customers in the restaurant at the time =
of
the robbery. 22. The custome=
rs'
answers are below.
23."I
did not see anything."
24.
"When the two men came into the restaurant."
25.
"Because I was in the bathroom at that time."
26.
"I was worried about my wife."
27.
"The second time."
28.
"Maybe when they took the money."
29.
"Next time, definitely."
30.
"When they first came in."
31.
"After they got the money."
32.
"My friend told me to be quiet."
33.
"Four times on the table."
34.
"Went too fast."
GRAMMAR POINT - W=
ritten
English and Spoken English are different.=
English is written in sentences.
A sentence is a group of words you=
can
change to a yes/no question.
In written English, a sentence always begins wi=
th a
capital and ends with punctuation.
The three punctuation marks are a period . question mark =
? and exclamation point !.
Every sentence has th=
ree
forms. Affirmative, negative=
, and
yes/no question.
Exercis=
e One -
=
Write each sentence b=
elow in
all three forms. Show the two
x-word places and subject in each sentence. Are they all sentences?
1. Affirmative - Two robbers stole =
$10,000
from a restaurant last night.
Yes/no Question - Did two robbers steal $10,000 from a restaur=
ant
last =
;
night?
Negativ=
e - Two robbers did no=
t steal
$10,000 from a restaurant last night.
2.&=
nbsp;
Affirma=
tive - The police have ca=
ught
the men already.
Yes/no
Question -
Have the police caught the men yet?
3.&=
nbsp;
The police arrested two men after the robbery.
4.&=
nbsp;
Because the men needed money.
5.&=
nbsp;
Four customers in the restaurant identified the men.
6.&=
nbsp;
The police watched the surveillance video
7. They stopped the wrong men.
8. Was a very terrible night.
HOMEWORK - Change the
following sentences to all three forms.
7.&=
nbsp;
Someone pushed a sil=
ent
alarm to call the police.
8.&=
nbsp;
Another person follo=
wed the
robbers.
9.&=
nbsp;
The robbers stopped =
at a
local bank and a gas station.
10.=
The police found them near
11.=
Because four customers from the
restaurant identified the robbers.
12.=
The witnesses identified the robbe=
rs.
13.=
When the police saw the surveillan=
ce
tape.
14.=
The two men were wearing different=
clothing.
15.=
They did not have any weapons.
16.=
The police will continue to search=
for
the robbers.
17.=
Is very wrong to steal.
Make information questions about the following sentences. Ask about the und= erlined words.
1.&=
nbsp;
Two robbers stole about $10,000 from a restaurant in
2.&=
nbsp;
Two robbers stole about $10,000 from a restaurant in
3.&=
nbsp;
The police will not catch the two men.
4.&=
nbsp;
The police arrested two men after the robbery.
5.&=
nbsp;
Four
customers in the restaurant identified the men.
6. The police made a big mistake<=
/u>.
The customers’ answers are below. With your partner, write a questi= on for each answer. Hand in your qu= estions to the teacher.
1.&=
nbsp;
Answer - "I saw a lot of money in his hand."
Question –
2.&=
nbsp;
Answer - "When the two men came into the restaurant."
Question –
3.&=
nbsp;
Answer - "Because I was in the bathroom at that time."
Question –
4.&=
nbsp;
Answer - "One man was wearing Nike sneakers."
Question –
5.&=
nbsp;
Answer - "The second time."
Question –=
;
6.&=
nbsp;
Answer - "My friend told me to be quiet."
Question -
GRAMMAR POINT<=
/b> – English has =
rules
for capitalizing words.
Capitalize
the first word in a sentence.
Our class begins at 9:=
10
am. It ends at 11 am.
Capitalize
the names of people.
Juan, M=
iriam,
Kim, etc. Examples?
Capitalize
people’s titles.
Queen
Elizabeth, President Obama, Miss Daisy,
the Pri=
me
Minister of
Capitalize
nationalities, languages, religions, and ethnic groups.
Korean,
Spanish, Christian, Asian, etc. Examples?
Capitalize
proper names (the names of specific things).
Ford, S=
afeway,
Chevron, History 12, etc. Examples?
Capitalize
specific places.
Exercise Five =
211; Add
capitals and punctuation to the story below. Make yes/no questions to find the
beginning and end of each sentence.
a young couple from chicago li=
ve next
door to me the husband’s name is george the wife’s name is joa=
nne
everyone calls her jo they have four young children three children are gir=
ls
the youngest child is a boy george works for a large oil company jo stays =
home
and takes care of the children she
works very hard at home the children need a lot of attention next week they
will have a birthday party for the oldest daughter she will be seven years=
old
Exercise Six = 211; Finish the story below with your partner and then take turns telling the story to= each other.
A few
_______ ago, three people were _________ in a car. They were ____________ to music a=
nd
___________ a lot. The _____=
____
was not paying __________ and did not ________ the light was red. He almost _______ another
__________. The driver of th=
e other
car got very angry. He _____=
____
bad ________ and chased the other car.&nb=
sp;
He tried to ______ the car with his ______. Luckily a __________ was nearby a=
nd
________ everything. He arre=
sted
the second driver.